Englisg Essay

                                                       Human Rights Abuses (violations)

In fact, Islam in the 7^th century laid emphasis on the equality of all men before God, the rights of slaves or servants, women and wives and the rights of all enjoy their property and money freely and suitably. Later, democratic developments in English, France and the US resulted in the form of law guaranteeing rights of human beings, democratic equality and justice. The UN charter of human rights is again a repetition of their principles.

The most painful and shameful violations of human rights have recently taken place in Afghanistan, Kashmir, Palestine, Bosnia, Chechnya and in various African countries.

Our Constitution provides for protection against the violation of most of the human rights. Yet, the rights continue to be abused through the length and breadth of the country. Beside the protection of the Constitution, we need to take some other urgent measures to ensure the non-violation of the rights.

Firstly, the common people should be educated in the shortest possible time to certain reasonable standards. The education masses, then, would understand how to exercise their rights

Secondly, all possible efforts should be made to bring about economic justice as early as possible. The feudal (“jagirdari”) system in the villages should be broken up speedily. Large landholdings should be taken away and the released land should be divided into medium-size units to be cultivated by poorer farmers with governments help. The water resources  should be put to the best use to the benefit of all.

Thirdly, in and around the cities, the businesses and industries should be induced (caused) to educated labour and pay them handsomely.

Fourthly, the law of the land should be modified (changed) according to our changing economic, social and political needs. New laws should be framed to meet new situations.

The future of human rights is brighter, no doubt in developed democracies, and as much darker, in the half-democracies, dictatorships, autocracies and oligarchies ( governments by small groups of all-powerful people).

The Place of Science in a Liberal Education (Bertrand Russell)

       (6)  THE PLACE OF SCIENCE IN A LIBERAL EDUCATION
                                                   (Bertrand Russell)

 

GENERAL INTRODUCTION: -

                      “The Place of Science in a liberal Education” is a highly contemplative, logical and scientific essay by Bertrand Russell. He is a well-known philosopher, reformer and thinker of the 20^th century. This Noble Prize winner is admired by the general public for his views on politics, moral, education, and religion

The Open Window (H.H.Munro)

         (5). The Open Window

GENERAL INTRODUCTION: -

                                             The Open Window is an interesting, mysterious and puzzling story by H.H. Munro. He was a great British novelist, short-fiction writer and political satirist. Who wrote under the pseudonym Saki. His stories are mostly elegant, witty and highly individual; full of humour, suspense, mystery and action. The present story is an outspoken example of his excellent dramatic style.

How to Live to be 200 (Stephen Leacock)

                   How to live to be 200

                                         (Stephen Leacock)

GENERAL INTRODUCTION: -

                                         “How to Live to be 200” is humorous, exaggerated, satirical and advisable essay by Stephen Leacock. He is famous Canadian political scientist, historian and humourist. His stories are mostly a criticism of foolish habits and behavior of the contemporary society. In this essay, his style is both humorous and satirical.

Bromides & Sulphite

                                          

    (3) BROMIDES AND SULPHITES                            

                                  (Gelett Burgess)

GENERAL INTRODUCTION:-

                                        “Bromides and Sulphites” is an interesting, humorous and quite different essay by Gelett Burgess, who was a well-known American humourist and prose writer. He wrote a number of humorous articles and stories together with his illustrations. This essay has been extracted from his famous book: “Are you a Bromide?”

The Last Lesson

                                                       

                                      (2). THE LAST LESSON

                                              (Alphonse Daudet)

GENERAN INTRODUCTION: -

                                             Alphonse Daudet is a renowned French novelist and short-fiction writer. He is famous for his precise observation of life, replete with a rare degree of charm and humour as well. He is, at the same time, objective and personal. “The Last Lesson” is one of his famous stories.

THE DAMNED HIMAN RACE (MarkTwain)

                         (1) THE DAMNED HUMAN RACE
                                             (Mark Twain)

GENERAL INTRODUCTION: -               

                                            “The Damned Human Race” is a very contemplative and satirical essay written by Mark Twain. He is one of the greatest essayists and short story writers of the American Literature. His writings are usually savage satire and pessimistic. The present essay has been extracted from his famous book “letters from the Earth”, one of his famous works. His pen name was Samuel Langhorne Clemens but he wrote under the pseudonym ‘Mark twain’ which is the call of pilots when taking soundings, meaning ‘two fathoms’.